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On the 10th April 1755 Hahnemann was born
in Meissen, Saxony (part of Germany) to his father Christian Gottfried and
mother Johanna Christianna. His family were middle-class and quite poor.
Both his mother and father taught him to read and write but he credits his
father with instilling "good and worthy" ideas into his mind []
Childhood was filled with attaining
"knowledge by every possible means"[] He pursued his education
with great passion throughout his boyhood and became a talented linguist
of eight languages. By his late teens his interests developed in medicine
and sciences. Thus, he trained as a doctor, studying at Leipzig and Vienna
before finally qualifying at Erlangen in 1779[]. In the latter part of
1782, aged 27, he married Johanna Kuchler, the daughter of an apothecary.
They produced eleven children (9 daughters and 2 sons).
To earn sufficient income during the
early years he would not only practice as a doctor but also translate
medical and scientific texts.
He placed his energy into his
"beloved chemistry" because of his dissatisfaction with the
methods used by current medical practitioners to cure the unwell[]. Such
methods included:
- Use of leeches
- Bloodletting
- Toxic substances such as Arsenic and
Mercury being given as medicine.
- Sweating and salivation
- The use of purging and emetics
- The use of burning and searing with a
hot iron
- The use of irritants to evoke
suppurations and discharges.
In 1790 Hahnemann gave away his medical
practice. During this time while translating A Treatise on the Materia
Medica by Cullen, Hahnemann established the beginning of his new medical
practice. He read that the drug cinchona was effective in the treatment of
malaria because it was bitter and astringent and had a toning effect on
the stomach. Hahnemann was not satisfied by this statement for, if it were
true, then all bitter, astringent substances should likewise be effective
in the treatment of malaria, and they were not. []
Hahnemann decided to experiment with the
effects of cinchona upon himself and discovered that the symptoms that it
produced in him were similar to the symptoms of malaria. He subsequently
speculated that the curative action of the drug may lie in the similarity
of the symptoms of the malarial disease and the symptoms able to be
produced by the drug. As a result, he began to test other drugs of the
day, such as belladonna, camphor, and aconitum, to study the symptoms that
they produced. On the results of these tests, he began to think seriously
about a new medical principle, the principle of cure by similars[]. Thus,
the seeds of the beginning of homoeopathy were being laid.
It took a further 6 years (1796) before
"he first communicated to the world by means of public print his new
discovery in medicine"[] The reason for this delay was because of the
enormous amount of research that he had conducted.
Allopathic doctors ridiculed and
persecuted him but he was persistent and continued to perform further
research. In 1805 he published a "very important book" in Latin,
which was the first collection of provings ever made upon the healthy
body.
In 1810 the "Organon of rational
healing" was published, which later became known as the bible of
homoeopathy.
In 1811 the family moved to Leipzig to
spread the word and educate young medical students about homoeopathy, much
to the angst of the allopaths. The struggle was extremely difficult,
Hahnemann was "met with nothing but derision and contempt from his
colleges".
At the university that he was teaching a
small group of students joined him and pursued research and later went on
to practice. Because of his growing success with treatment, jealousy arose
from his allopathic colleagues and eventually they forced him to move.
They did this by persecuting him and the court then prevented him from
dispensing his own medicines. Hahnemann moved to Koethen in 1821, where he
devoted his time completely to the practice of Homoeopathy. Even though
this was a period of time when many people would travel hundreds of miles
to see Hahnemann, life was still full of harassment and attacks, so he
began to isolate himself. This left his cause kind of leaderless, and
different sects formed within Homoeopathy- this brought out the occasional
outburst by Hahnemann.
In 1828 Hahnemann published The
Chronic Diseases, Their Peculiar Nature and Their Homoeopathic Cure.
In 1828 the Homoeopathic Society was
formed.
In 1830 (march 31st), Hahnemann’s wife
died at age 67 years. Between 1831-2 cholera spread throughout Europe.
During this time Homoeopathic treatment had proportionally greater success
than allopathic treatment. In 1832 the Homoeopathic Hospital and Medical
School was created in Leipzig.
In 1834 Homoeopathy expanded into
America.
In 1835 Hahnemann marries Miss Marie
Melanie d’Hervilly Gohier from France. She is 45 years younger than him.
They moved to Paris in June of that year. He continued to work hard and
prospered, as did Homoeopathy. On July 2nd 1843, Hahnemann died leaving
the world the legacy of Homoeopathy.
His greatest literary works are:
- The Lesser Writings of Samuel
Hahnemann
- Organon of the Medical Art
- Materia Medica Pura (vol. 1 & 2)
- Chronic Diseases (vol. 1 & 2)
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